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STUDIES OF ANTIMICROBIAL
RESISTANCE IN SWEDEN
Antimicrobial susceptibility results for the common bacterial pathogens
were obtained from the administrative computer system ADBakt in
the hospital laboratory of Karolinska hospital, Stockholm, for the
years 1988 - 1999.
Antibiotic resistance levels among the common bacterial pathogens
were low in general, but some trends over time were clear. There
was a steady increase in quinolone resistance beginning around 1992
and with a parallel consumption rise beginning 5 years prior (1,
2, 3).
Co-trimoxazole resistance increased by time whereas the corresponding
consumption decreased (1, 3).
Carbapenem resistance was increasing in P.aeruginosa with higher
levels at ICU:s (2).
The total use of cephalosporins increased 2.5-fold, but there were
no differences in the levels or resistance to the most commonly
used drugs cefuroxime or cefotaxime (1).
In most cases of increasing resistance, the levels were higher
in the whole hospital compared to the ICU:s combined (2). The ICU:s
did not reveal any marked aggregation of highly resistant isolates
as has been reported elsewhere.
References
1. Sörberg,M., A.Farra, U.Ransjö, B.Gårdlund,
M.Rylander, L.Wallén, M.Kalin, and G.Kronvall. 2002.
Long-term Antibiotic Resistance Surveillance of Gram-negative Pathogens Suggests
that Temporal Trends can be Used as a Resistance Warning System.
Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases 34:372-378.
2. Sörberg,M., A.Farra, U.Ransjö, B.Gårdlund,
M.Rylander, B.Settergren, M.Kalin, and G.Kronvall. 2003.
Different trends in antibiotic resistance rates at a university
teaching hospital. Clin Microbiol Infect 9:388-396.
3. Farra,A., G.Skoog, L.Wallén, G.Kahlmeter, G.Kronvall,
M.Sörberg, and Swebact Study Group. 2002.
Antibiotic Use and Escherichia coli Resistance Trends for Quinolones
and Cotrimoxazole in Sweden. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious
Diseases 34:449-455.
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